Iran

The Islamic Republic of Iran is one of the most mountainous countries in the world. It borders with 8 different countries and the Caspian Sea, Persian Gulf, and Gulf of Oman. The country was home to one of the oldest civilizations on earth; The Elamites were established by 4,000BC. The last 100 years have been politically turbulent, a revolution in 1906, a coup in 1953 another revolution in 1979 in which the Islamic state was established a decade-long war with Iraq in the 80s. Today it has a population of 80 million who live in an oppressive autocratic state. The country has 21 UNESCO sites.

Capital city: Tehran Highest Point: Mount Damavand (18,406ft / 5,610m) Lowest Point: Caspian Sea (-91.9ft / -28m) Land Area: 631,726 sq. mi (1,636,163 sq. km) Water Area: 4,645 sq. mi (12,032 sq. km) Total Area: 636,372 sq. mi (1,648,195 sq. km) Coastline: 1,520 miles (2,440 km) Bordering countries (8) Armenia, the Azeri exclave of Nakhchivan, The Republic of Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq and Turkey.